How a combined power and heating plant works
A combined power and heating plant produces both electricity and heat.
Although a combined power and heating plant generates less electricity than a condensing power plant, the temperature of the condenser water is high enough to be used in a district heating system. This ensures that the energy produced in the plant is used very efficiently.
Counter-pressure plants – where steam dries paper
Counter-pressure plants are another type of combined power and heating plant, and are mainly used by the pulp and paper industry. In this type of plant, the steam is used to dry paper. Heat produced by the condenser is also used for district heating.
1. The steam furnace
In the steam furnace, water is heated and becomes steam.
2. The steam turbine
The steam is conducted into the turbine under enormous pressure and causes the blades to rotate.
3. The generator
The turbine drives a generator that produces electricity.
4. The transformer
A transformer converts the electricity into a high-voltage current. It is then sent to the power grid via cables.
5. The condenser
In the condenser, the steam is cooled and becomes water again.
6. District heating
The hot water is conducted into the district heating system, where it is used to heat homes and other buildings.
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